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Lifestyle and Wellness

Immunization Updates for 2024

2024 May, Lifestyle and Wellness April 22, 2024

The latest recommendations for immunization schedules.

Earlier this year, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) updated their recommended immunization schedules for children, adolescents, and adults in 2024. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), comprised of medical and public health experts, provides these recommendations.

The most notable updates include changes to vaccines for the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), mpox, meningococcal, influenza, and COVID-19.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Protection against RSV, a respiratory infection that can be extremely dangerous for infants and the elderly, is now recommended for people who are pregnant (between 32 and 36 weeks) and older adults (aged 60 and above).

Mpox

Mpox, or monkeypox, is from the same virus family as chicken and smallpox. The mpox vaccine is recommended for anyone 18 and older at risk for infection — typically men with certain sexual risk factors or those who have been in close contact with someone who is infected. The mpox vaccine, Jynneos, is administered 28 days apart.

Meningococcal

Prior to the 2024 updates, two different vaccines (MenACWY and MenB) were recommended for meningococcal disease. The pentavalent option (Penbraya) is now available, and it targets five bacterial strains that cause blood poisoning and meningitis.

Influenza

While research is underway for a universal vaccine to target the flu virus, the recommendation stands that most adults should receive an annual flu shot. Many have the choice between the injected vaccine or a nasal spray, and the CDC suggests adults 65 years or older receive a high dose.

COVID-19

The updated COVID-19 vaccine now replaces the bivalent mRNA COVID-19 booster and targets strains of the virus found circulating in communities (such as Omicron XBB.15). The CDC recommends adults ages 65 and older receive an additional updated COVID-19 vaccine.

The CDC’s website provides a full, in-depth breakdown of the immunization schedule by age for children and adolescents (18 years or younger) and adults (19 years or older).

Talk to your healthcare provider during your next appointment to ask if you need to implement any changes to your care to protect yourself.

Sources:

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/easy-to-read/child-easyread.html
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/imz/child-adolescent.html
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/imz/adult.html
https://www.verywellhealth.com/2024-adult-vaccine-schedule-updates-8405325
https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/adult-immunization-schedule-updated-with-new-vaccines-for-2024

Executive Dysfunction

2024 April, Lifestyle and Wellness March 27, 2024

Executive dysfunction encompasses difficulties in cognitive processes crucial for managing daily life tasks.

While often associated with conditions like ADHD and certain neurological disorders, executive dysfunction can affect individuals across diverse backgrounds.

What Is It and How Does It Manifests?

At its core, executive dysfunction involves challenges in the brain’s executive functions, such as planning, organizing, initiating tasks, and regulating emotions. For those experiencing executive dysfunction, these seemingly routine activities can become formidable hurdles. Understanding the varied ways in which executive dysfunction manifests is crucial for both self-awareness and empathetic support from healthcare professionals.

Common signs include difficulties in time management, forgetfulness, trouble initiating tasks, and challenges in decision-making. Emotional regulation may also be affected, leading to mood swings and frustration. Recognizing these signs is the first step towards addressing executive dysfunction and fostering a more supportive healthcare environment.

Causes and Contributing Factors

Executive dysfunction can stem from a multitude of causes. Neurological conditions such as ADHD, traumatic brain injuries, and neurodegenerative disorders may contribute to its development. Genetic factors can play a role in influencing an individual’s predisposition to executive dysfunction. Mental health conditions like depression and anxiety can exacerbate symptoms, adding an additional layer of complexity. Moreover, external factors such as substance abuse or certain medications may impact cognitive function, amplifying executive dysfunction challenges.

Strategies for Everyday Life

While executive dysfunction poses challenges, there are practical strategies that individuals can incorporate into their daily lives to enhance their overall wellbeing. Breaking down tasks into smaller, manageable steps, creating visual reminders and schedules, and utilizing organizational tools can help individuals navigate their responsibilities more effectively.

Time-management techniques, such as setting realistic goals and prioritizing tasks, can reduce the feeling of being overwhelmed. Additionally, seeking support from friends, family, or support groups can create a network that understands and accommodates the unique challenges associated with executive dysfunction.

What Does Executive Dysfunction look Like?

  • Forgetting tasks
  • Inability to start tasks independently
  • Trouble with transitions between activities
  • Not Finishing tasks
  • Frequently losing things
  • Trouble keeping track of time

Getting Professional Help

Healthcare professionals such as psychologists, therapists, or even a primary care physician can play a vital role in supporting individuals with executive dysfunction. Collaborative care involves open communication between healthcare providers, individuals, and their support networks. Thorough assessments help tailor interventions, considering the specific challenges faced by each individual.

Cognitive rehabilitation programs, medication management, and therapeutic interventions can be valuable tools in addressing executive dysfunction. Healthcare professionals can guide individuals in developing coping strategies, improving emotional regulation, and building resilience. Creating environments that accommodate executive dysfunction, such as simplifying routines and using visual aids, is essential for fostering success.

Executive dysfunction may present challenges, but with understanding, support, and proactive strategies, individuals can navigate their journey with resilience and thrive. By fostering a collaborative approach between healthcare professionals and individuals, we can build a healthcare landscape that embraces and addresses the complexities of executive dysfunction, ensuring a better quality of life for all.

Anemia 101

2024 April, Lifestyle and Wellness March 27, 2024

Anemia is a widespread health condition that affects millions of people worldwide.

Despite its prevalence, there’s often a lack of awareness about its causes, symptoms, and potential complications. Let’s dive into the basics of anemia, providing you with essential information to better understand this condition.

Causes

Anemia can arise from various factors, but the common denominator is a reduced number of red blood cells or insufficient hemoglobin. The most prevalent type of anemia is caused by iron deficiency and occurs when the body lacks the necessary iron to produce hemoglobin. Other causes include vitamin deficiencies (B12, folic acid), chronic diseases (such as chronic kidney disease), and genetic conditions like sickle cell anemia.

Understanding the root cause is crucial for effective treatment, as different types of anemia require distinct approaches. Regular health check-ups and blood tests can help identify potential causes and pave the way for personalized treatments.

Symptoms

Recognizing the symptoms of anemia is essential for early diagnosis and intervention. Common signs include fatigue, weakness, pale or yellowish skin, shortness of breath, dizziness, and headaches. It’s crucial to note that these symptoms can be subtle and easily attributed to other factors. If you experience persistent symptoms, consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough assessment.

Anemia can affect individuals differently, and some may exhibit symptoms specific to the underlying cause. For instance, vitamin deficiency anemias may manifest as neurological symptoms like tingling and numbness. Being attuned to your body and seeking medical attention when needed can make a significant difference in managing anemia effectively.

Globally, in 2021, 31.2% of women had anemia compared with 17.5% of men.

Treatment Options

The approach to treating anemia depends on its underlying cause. For iron deficiency anemia, dietary changes and iron supplementation are often recommended. Consuming iron-rich foods such as meat, beans, and leafy greens can aid in raising iron levels. In cases of vitamin deficiency anemias, supplementation and dietary adjustments with vitamin-rich foods are prescribed. Lastly, a recent study suggests dairy foods and foods rich in tannin (such as coffee, tea, and chocolate) should be limited as they can interfere with the absorption of iron.

Chronic diseases contributing to anemia require managing the underlying condition, while genetic forms like sickle cell anemia involve symptom management and preventive measures. Timely intervention, guided by healthcare professionals, can significantly improve outcomes for individuals with anemia.

Anemia is a complicated condition with diverse causes and symptoms. Understanding its basics is the first step toward effective management. Regular check-ups, awareness of symptoms, and personalized treatment plans are key elements in the journey to combat anemia and regain optimal health.

Seasonal Allergies

2024 April, Lifestyle and Wellness March 27, 2024

As the seasons change, many people eagerly anticipate the beauty of blooming flowers and the warmth of the sun. However, for some, the arrival of spring or fall is accompanied by a less pleasant phenomenon — seasonal allergies.

Seasonal allergies, also known as allergic rhinitis, are primarily triggered by pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds. When these airborne allergens come into contact with the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or throat, the body’s immune system may mistakenly identify them as harmful invaders, leading to an allergic reaction.

Common allergens include:

Tree Pollen: Trees such as oak, birch, maple, cedar, and pine release pollen during the spring season.

Grass Pollen: Grasses like Bermuda, Timothy, and Kentucky bluegrass produce pollen in late spring and early summer.

Weed Pollen: Ragweed is a notorious culprit for fall allergies, releasing vast amounts of pollen into the air.

The symptoms of seasonal allergies can vary in severity and may include:

  • Sneezing
  • Runny or Stuffy Nose
  • Itchy or Watery Eyes
  • Fatigue
  • Coughing and Sore Throat

The cost of nasal allergies is between $3 billion and $4 billion each year.

Effective Management Strategies

While it may be challenging to completely avoid exposure to seasonal allergens, several strategies can help manage and alleviate allergy symptoms:

Monitor Pollen Levels: Stay informed about daily pollen forecasts in your area. On high pollen days, consider limiting outdoor activities, especially during peak pollen times.

Keep Windows Closed: To prevent pollen from entering your home, keep windows closed during peak pollen seasons. Use air purifiers with HEPA filters to trap airborne allergens.

Practice Allergy Hygiene: After spending time outdoors, shower and change your clothes to remove pollen from your body and clothing. Don’t forget to wipe down your pets, too.

Use Nasal Irrigation: Saline nasal sprays and irrigation systems can help clear nasal passages and reduce congestion. (Click HERE to learn how to properly administer a spray.)

Over-the-Counter Medications: Antihistamines, decongestants, and nasal corticosteroids are available over the counter and can provide relief from allergy symptoms. However, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new medication.

Can’t find your go-to allergy medicine lately? In September 2023, the FDA declared that the decongestant phenylephrine is ineffective as a decongestant when taken in pill form. In response, many pharmacies removed several medications including Vicks Dayquill, Benadryl Allergy Plus Congestion, Sudafed PE, Vicks Sinex, and others that contain phenylephrine.

Allergy Shots (Immunotherapy): For those with severe or persistent allergies, shots may be recommended. This involves gradually exposing the individual to increasing amounts of allergens to desensitize the immune system.

If symptoms persist or worsen, seeking advice from a healthcare professional is crucial for personalized and effective management. Seasonal allergies can be a challenging aspect of enjoying the great outdoors, but with proper management, individuals can significantly reduce the impact of allergic reactions on their daily lives.

Pelvic Floor Health

Kaylon Walton 2024 March, Lifestyle and Wellness February 12, 2024
Woman doing butterfly stretch

Have you been told to try Kegels to help strengthen your pelvic floor muscles?

The pelvic floor is a group of muscles and tissues that form a hammock-like structure at the base of the pelvis, supporting various organs such as the bladder, uterus, and rectum. These muscles play a crucial role in controlling bowel and bladder functions, stabilizing the pelvis, and contributing to sexual function.

When it comes to pelvic health, the term “Kegels” often takes the spotlight. While Kegel exercises play a vital role in strengthening the pelvic floor, there are many exercises outside of Kegels that contribute to a comprehensive pelvic floor therapy routine.

Statistics show that 32% of women will have at least one pelvic floor disorder (PFD) at one time in their life.

The Bridge Exercise: Kegels focus on the pelvic floor muscles, but a holistic approach involves engaging surrounding muscle groups as well. The bridge exercise is a perfect example. Lie on your back with knees bent and lift your hips toward the ceiling. This movement engages not only the pelvic floor but also the core and lower back muscles. By incorporating the bridge into your routine, you promote overall pelvic stability and strength.

Deep Squats: Squats are renowned for their ability to target various muscle groups, and when performed correctly, they can be a valuable addition to pelvic floor therapy. Deep squats engage the glutes, hamstrings, and pelvic floor muscles simultaneously. As you squat into position, ensure proper form to maximize the benefits and strengthen the pelvic floor in a functional way.

Pelvic Tilts: Pelvic tilts are an effective exercise to enhance pelvic mobility and flexibility. While lying on your back with knees bent, gently rock your pelvis backward and forward. This simple yet impactful movement helps activate and stretch the pelvic floor muscles, promoting flexibility and preventing tension buildup.

Butterfly Stretch: Stretching is a crucial component of any well-rounded exercise routine. The butterfly stretch, where you sit with the soles of your feet together and gently press your knees towards the floor, targets the inner thighs and pelvic floor. This stretch promotes relaxation and flexibility in the pelvic region, complementing the strengthening aspects of other exercises.

Diaphragmatic Breathing: Often overlooked, proper breathing techniques play a significant role in pelvic floor health. Diaphragmatic breathing involves deep inhalation and exhalation, allowing the diaphragm to move freely. This type of breathing supports optimal functioning of the pelvic floor muscles and helps release tension.

Remember, the key to pelvic floor therapy lies in diversity — embracing a spectrum of exercises to support a stronger, more functional pelvic floor.

Pelvic floor therapy isn’t just for women.
Men can benefit too!

Navigating Health Abroad

Kaylon Walton 2024 March, Lifestyle and Wellness February 12, 2024
Travel and health items

Traveling abroad is an exciting adventure, but it comes with its own set of health considerations.

To ensure a safe and enjoyable journey, understanding the basics of international travel medicine is crucial. Here’s a comprehensive guide on what you need to know before embarking on your global escapade.

Preparation is Key

Before embarking on an international adventure, thorough preparation is essential. Researching the destination’s health risks, climate, and healthcare infrastructure is a crucial first step. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) are valuable resources for up-to-date travel health information.

Not all travelers face the same health risks, and that’s where a travel medicine specialist becomes invaluable. These healthcare professionals are trained to assess individual health risks based on the traveler’s medical history, itinerary, and planned activities. They provide personalized advice on vaccinations, preventive medications, and health precautions tailored to the specific travel needs. Make sure to make an appointment with your normal healthcare provider or a travel medicine specialist at least one month before you leave in case a needed vaccination requires multiple doses or required prescriptions can be taken in time for travel.

Vaccinations: Shielding Against Diseases

Different regions of the world pose varying risks of infectious diseases, making immunizations a vital component of pre-travel healthcare. It’s crucial to plan vaccinations well in advance, as some vaccines require multiple doses over several weeks for full effectiveness.

Common vaccinations for international travelers include:

  • Routine Vaccinations: Ensure routine vaccinations, such as measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP), are up to date.
  • Travel-Specific Vaccinations: Depending on the destination, additional vaccinations may be recommended. For example, yellow fever vaccination is required or recommended for entry into certain countries such as Mali and Ethiopia; malaria prevention is recommended or required for countries or parts of countries such as Peru and Thailand; and the hepatitis A and B vaccines are often advised for travelers to regions with increased prevalence, such as Belize and Jamaica.
  • Seasonal Vaccinations: Influenza, COVID-19, and other seasonal vaccinations should be considered, especially if traveling during peak transmission periods.

You may be able to get some travel vaccines from your primary healthcare provider. If you need help finding a location that provides certain vaccines or medicines, visit CDC’s Find a Clinic page.

If yellow fever or typhoid vaccines are recommended or required for your destination, you’ll need to go to a vaccine center authorized to give yellow fever vaccinations. Find an authorized U.S. yellow fever vaccine center.

Health Precautions During Travel

In addition to vaccinations, travelers should use preventive measures to reduce the risk of illness during their journey.

  • Basic hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing, using hand sanitizers, and avoiding contact with sick individuals, can go a long way in preventing the spread of infectious diseases.
  • Safe food and water practices are equally important. Consuming only properly cooked and thoroughly washed food, and drinking bottled or treated water, helps minimize the risk of foodborne illnesses such as traveler’s diarrhea.
  • Avoid petting stray dogs and cats due to prevent rabies exposure.

Access to Medical Care Abroad

Despite careful preparation, unexpected health issues may arise during international travel. Understanding the local healthcare system and having access to medical care is crucial in such situations. Familiarize yourself with the local healthcare system, know the location of medical facilities, and ensure you have access to English-speaking healthcare professionals. Verify that your health insurance covers overseas medical expenses and understand the procedures for seeking medical assistance in your destination.

International travel offers a world of possibilities, but safeguarding your health should be a top priority. By investing time in thorough preparation, obtaining necessary vaccinations, and practicing preventive measures, travelers can minimize health risks and maximize the enjoyment of their global adventures. Remember, a healthy traveler is a happy traveler. Safe travels!

Caring for the Caregiver

Kaylon Walton 2024 March, Lifestyle and Wellness February 12, 2024
Adult woman walking with elderly mother

Caretakers are unsung heroes, dedicating their time and energy to the well-being of others.

However, the demands of caring for a loved one while they’re unwell can take a toll on their physical, emotional, and mental health. Caretaker fatigue — a condition that affects the well-being of those providing care — is not a sign of inadequacy or lack of love; it’s a real and pervasive challenge that requires attention and understanding.

The silent toll of caretaker fatigue can impact their relationships,
job performance, and overall quality of life.

While the focus is naturally on the well-being of the person receiving care, the caretaker often neglects their own needs. This selflessness can lead to a gradual decline in the caretaker’s health, both mentally and physically. The silent toll of caretaker fatigue can impact their relationships, job performance, and overall quality of life.

To address caretaker fatigue, it is important to acknowledge the needs of the caretaker. Often, caretakers feel guilty for considering their own well-being, but self-care is not a luxury — it’s a necessity. Friends, family, and the broader community can help by recognizing the caretaker’s sacrifices and supporting their efforts in maintaining a healthy balance between caregiving and self-care.

Supportive Environment: Caretakers need a robust support system to prevent burnout. Friends and family should actively offer assistance and encourage the caretaker to take breaks, prioritize their health, and seek help when needed. Due to feeling guilty about considering their own feelings, they often will not ask for help themselves. Open communication is key to understanding the caretaker’s needs and providing the necessary support.

Professional Assistance: The caretaker’s emotional well-being is just as important as the physical care they provide. Seeking professional assistance, such as counseling or therapy, can be a transformative step. These services offer a safe space for caretakers to express their feelings, navigate the challenges they face, and develop coping mechanisms for caretaker fatigue. Many employee benefits cover in-person or online therapy to help you or a covered family member needing professional therapy.

Respite Care: Respite care, or temporary relief for caretakers, is an invaluable resource in preventing and alleviating caretaker fatigue. It allows caretakers to take a step back, recharge, and attend to their own needs. Community organizations and healthcare providers should actively promote and provide respite care options to ensure the sustained well-being of caretakers.

By acknowledging the caretaker’s needs, promoting open communication, and providing access to professional assistance and respite care, we can ensure that those who care for others are also cared for in return. After all, who is caring for the caretaker if not the community and society they serve?

Volunteering as Self-Care

Lynn White 2024 February, Lifestyle and Wellness January 23, 2024
Volunteers

According to a study published in the Gerontologist, Middle-aged volunteers are less likely to have abdominal fat and high blood glucose than non-volunteers. They also had healthier levels of “good” HDL cholesterol. Older volunteers are less likely to have high blood pressure than their non-volunteer counterparts.

In a world that constantly prioritizes personal achievement, it’s easy to overlook the profound benefits of volunteering for one’s health. Beyond the warm feeling of making a difference, the act of giving back has far-reaching effects on both mental and physical well-being. Here are some of the surprising health benefits and why incorporating volunteering into your life can lead to a happier and healthier you.

Social Connection

Social connection is a key factor in maintaining good mental health, reducing feelings of isolation and loneliness, and volunteering provides ample opportunities for social interaction, fostering a sense of community and belonging. As you collaborate with others toward a shared goal, you build a support system that can be crucial during challenging times.

Stress Reduction

Volunteering acts as a natural stress reliever by shifting the focus from personal worries to the needs of others. The act of giving back releases endorphins, the body’s natural mood enhancers, which can create a sense of joy and fulfillment. This positive emotional state can counteract the effects of stress and contribute to an overall sense of well-being.

Physical Health Benefits

Believe it or not, volunteering can have tangible effects on your physical health. Studies have shown that individuals who engage in volunteer work experience lower blood pressure and a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. The increased physical activity associated with many volunteer opportunities contributes to improved fitness levels, helping to maintain a healthy heart and body.

Sense of Purpose

One of the key determinants of well-being is having a sense of purpose in life. Volunteering provides a meaningful way to contribute to the greater good, instilling a sense of purpose and fulfillment. When individuals feel that their actions make a positive impact on the lives of others, it can lead to increased life satisfaction and a more positive outlook.

Cognitive Benefits

Engaging in volunteer activities often requires the development of new skills and the ability to adapt to different situations. This cognitive stimulation can lead to improved brain function and a reduced risk of cognitive decline as you age. Whether you’re learning new tasks, problem-solving, or collaborating with others, the mental agility required in volunteering contributes to the maintenance of cognitive health.

From fostering social connections to reducing stress and contributing to a sense of purpose, volunteering is a holistic approach to health that not only benefits the community but also enhances the quality of your own life. So, the next time you consider how to invest in your well-being, remember that volunteering might just be the prescription for a happier and healthier you.

Ready to volunteer? Sites like https://www.volunteermatch.org/ and https://www.unitedway.org/get-involved/volunteer# can help upcoming opportunities in your area and abroad.

Cognitive Crossroads

Lynn White 2024 February, Lifestyle and Wellness January 23, 2024

In 2019, dementia cost economies globally 1.3 trillion US dollars, approximately 50% of these costs are attributable to care provided by informal carers (e.g., family members and close friends), who provide on average 5 hours of care and supervision per day.

Degenerative memory disorders pose a considerable challenge for millions globally. These conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease and various forms of dementia, present significant hurdles for both the patient and their families and/or caretakers.

Degenerative memory disorders constitute a group of conditions characterized by the gradual deterioration of cognitive function, particularly memory loss. Symptoms typically encompass forgetfulness, confusion, and difficulties in performing daily tasks. However, changes in mood and behavior sometimes happen even before memory problems occur. These symptoms progressively erode an individual’s capacity to live independently.

Risk Factors

While genetic predispositions play a role, lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and social engagement also influence the risk of developing these conditions. Ongoing investigations into inflammation, oxidative stress, and other biological mechanisms further our understanding of disease progression.

Impact on Individuals and Families

The repercussions of degenerative memory disorders extend well beyond the affected individual though. Caregivers, often family members, navigate emotional strain, physical demands, and financial burdens as they witness their loved ones undergo profound changes in personality and capabilities. The toll on relationships and overall quality of life for both the patient and their caregivers is immeasurable.

Patients and caregivers alike can benefit from support groups, counseling, and education about the disorder. Establishing routines, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and utilizing memory aids help in coping with daily challenges. Caregivers, in particular, should prioritize self-care and seek assistance from community resources to alleviate the caregiving burden.

Hope on the Horizon?

Despite the challenges, neurology researchers are making strides in understanding and treating degenerative memory diseases. Advances in brain imaging, biomarker research, and genetic studies provide valuable insights. Experimental drugs targeting beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles, common hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease, are in various stages of clinical trials. Lifestyle interventions, including cognitive stimulation and physical exercise, are also gaining attention for their potential to slow cognitive decline.

Equity in Every Birth

Lynn White 2024 February, Lifestyle and Wellness January 23, 2024
Young Mothers

According to the CDC, over 80% of pregnancy-related deaths in the U.S. between 2017 and 2019 were determined to be preventable.

The disparities in maternal healthcare outcomes between Black and white women in the United States are staggering. Black women are three times more likely to die from pregnancy-related complications than white women, according to the CDC. With alarming statistics like this, Black maternal healthcare in the United States is a critical area of concern for Black women and healthcare providers alike.

One of the primary healthcare challenges facing Black women during pregnancy is access to quality healthcare. Many factors contribute to disparities in access:

  • Geographic Disparities: Black women are more likely to live in areas with limited healthcare infrastructure, which makes it difficult to access obstetric care services and prenatal care.
  • Socioeconomic Factors: Socioeconomic disparities often restrict access to healthcare. Lower-income Black women may lack health insurance, transportation, and childcare support, making it difficult to attend appointments and receive timely care.
  • Lack of Providers: The shortage of healthcare providers, particularly in rural and underserved communities, can lead to long wait times and insufficient follow-up care for pregnant Black women. Since January 2010, more than 100 rural hospitals have closed, with a disproportionate share occurring in the South. Between 2004 and 2014, 179 rural counties lost or closed their hospital obstetric services.

Another challenge is ensuring Black women receive unbiased high-quality care during pregnancy and childbirth. Healthcare providers undergo implicit bias training to address the unconscious stereotypes and attitudes that may impact their clinical decision-making. Cultural competency and providing patient-centered care that allows a Black woman to have a say in their healthcare decisions are also essential to providing high-quality care.

How do we address disparities in Black maternal healthcare?

There are several evidence-based solutions, many of which are covered by most insurance plans or supplemental services offered by employers (think Maven and Pomelo):

  • Prenatal Care Programs: Expanding access to comprehensive prenatal care programs that offer education, support, and medical care throughout the pregnancy, helping to identify and address potential issues early. Maternity care is considered “essential health benefits,” so all qualified health plans must cover the care.
  • Telehealth Services: Telehealth can improve access to care, particularly in rural and underserved areas. Offering virtual prenatal and postpartum care can help bridge geographical gaps. More and more insurance carriers are offering telehealth visits for your typical office visit fee, and some have specialty maternity services.
  • Doula and Midwifery Support: Doulas and midwives can provide additional support during pregnancy and childbirth. They often offer emotional, physical, and informational assistance, which can lead to better outcomes.
  • Mental Health Services: Providing mental health support, such as counseling and therapy, can help prevent and manage stress, anxiety, and depression.
  • Targeted Education: Education campaigns aimed at improving the health literacy of Black women can empower them to advocate for their health and make informed decisions.

Collaboration among healthcare providers, public health agencies, and community organizations is essential to decrease the disparities in maternal healthcare. Ultimately, the focus should be on providing equitable, high-quality care to all pregnant women, regardless of their race or background.

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